Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41449445›Full record

ArticleBMC oral health2025

The influence of different digital registration methods on measurement accuracy of clear aligner treatment outcomes.

Samar M Adel, Nadia El-Harouni, Hassan E Kassem, Abbas R Zaher, Nikhillesh Vaiid

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Samar M AdelDepartment of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion Street, El Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt. orthosamar@gmail.com.
Nadia El-HarouniDepartment of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion Street, El Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt.
Hassan E KassemDepartment of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion Street, El Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt.
Abbas R ZaherDepartment of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion Street, El Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt.
Nikhillesh VaiidDepartment of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Insitute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Only Orthodontics, Ground Floor, New Blue Gardenia Housing Society, Peddar Road, Mumbai, 400026, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo compare the agreement of three digital model registration methods of different software packages in measuring angular and linear tooth movements obtained with Clear Aligner Treatment Therapy.

methodsThirty-two maxillary and mandibular intraoral pre-treatment (T1) and progress (T2) scans of patients undergoing clear aligner therapy were randomly selected, converted to STL files and exported to Geomagic, OrthoAnalyzer, and Compare model registration software packages. The amount of tooth movement of all maxillary and mandibular teeth was calculated in six degrees of freedom.

resultsThe angular and linear change in tooth position between T1 and T2 was compared using three different digital model registration software packages. Continuous data was expressed as mean and standard deviation. Intra class Correlation Coefficient for agreement between software programs was used. Significance of the obtained results was expressed at p ≤ 0.01. Differences larger than 0.5 mm for linear measurements and 2º for angular measurements were considered clinically relevant. Geomagic and Compare demonstrated excellent consistency in most dimensions (ICC > 0.90), including maxillary tip (ICC = 0.929) and mandibular tip (ICC = 0.912); however, combinations involving OrthoAnalyzer showed the poorest performance in mandibular torque measurements (ICC = 0.484-0.493), with OrthoAnalyzer's mean values (2.72 ± 4.30°) significantly higher than the other two software platforms; in the OG direction, all combinations involving OrthoAnalyzer showed ICC < 0.5, indicating 'poor reliability.

conclusionsGeomagic and Compare software demonstrated excellent consistency in measuring tooth movements, whereas OrthoAnalyzer consistently showed poor reliability for mandibular torque (ICC < 0.5) and occlusogingival movements (ICC < 0.5). These differences exceeded the clinical thresholds (0.5 mm for translations, 2° for angular changes) and highlight the importance of cautious interpretation when comparing results across platforms. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The use of CAT is exponentially growing in Orthodontics. Studies that compare treatment accuracy by superimposing two digital models, generate values based on a digital registration software. Does the software employed; cause a difference to the values generated, and subsequently our interpretation of accuracy of a given system? This study aims to address this knowledge gap.

Indexed as

Image Processing, Computer-AssistedOrthodontic Appliance DesignOrthodontic Appliances, RemovableTooth Movement TechniquesAdolescentFemaleHumansMaleMandibleMaxillaModels, DentalReproducibility of ResultsSoftwareTorqueTreatment Outcome3D digital models3D tooth movementArtificial intelligenceClear aligner therapyDigital orthodonticsRegistrationScanning

Identifiers

PMID41449445
PMCPMC12853746

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.