Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41448832›Full record

ArticleJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2025

Non-α-biased IL-2 enhances both intratumoral and subcutaneous CpG/α-OX40 therapy, unleashing systemic antitumor immunity in mice.

Kejie Huang, Xiaobo Ding, Xuehuan Wen, Chaoming Huang, Yan Chen, Xujie Zhou, Leying Zhou, Yi He, Zhixiang Bai, Chunhong Zhang and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Kejie Huang *Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Xiaobo Ding *Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Xuehuan Wen *Department of Oncology, Cangnan Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Chaoming HuangDepartment of Radiation and Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Yan ChenDepartment of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Xujie ZhouDepartment of Radiation and Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Leying ZhouDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Yi HeDepartment of Radiation and Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Zhixiang BaiDepartment of Radiation and Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Chunhong ZhangDepartment of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Yi JinDepartment of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Jianmin LiDepartment of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Zhenghua FeiDepartment of Radiation and Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China feizhenghua@wzhospital.cn liwenfeng@wmu.edu.cn chen.chen-oncology@wmu.edu.cn.
Wenfeng LiDepartment of Radiation and Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China feizhenghua@wzhospital.cn liwenfeng@wmu.edu.cn chen.chen-oncology@wmu.edu.cn.
Chen ChenDepartment of Radiation and Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China feizhenghua@wzhospital.cn liwenfeng@wmu.edu.cn chen.chen-oncology@wmu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-6832-113X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe CpG/α-OX40 in situ vaccine strategy has shown efficacy in immune-hot tumors but remains ineffective in immune-cold tumors possibly due to immunosuppressive microenvironments characterized by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) infiltration and T cell exclusion. This study aims to investigate the antitumor effect of non-α-biased IL-2 combined with CpG/α-OX40 in mice.

methodsUsing 4T1 breast cancer and CT26 colon cancer models, we evaluated the antitumor effects of combining CpG/α-OX40 with a non-α-biased IL-2 variant via both intratumoral and subcutaneous routes. Tumor growth, lung metastasis, immune profile, and

resultsThe combination therapy significantly inhibited primary and distant tumor growth and reduced lung metastasis in 4T1 models. Subcutaneous administration induced complete tumor regression in 55% (5/9) of CT26-tumor-bearing mice and conferred durable tumor-specific memory. Mechanistically, the treatment enhanced CD8

conclusionsThese findings demonstrate that non-α-biased IL-2 synergizes with CpG/α-OX40 to overcome microenvironmental immunosuppression and achieve systemic antitumor immunity via a subcutaneous route, offering a translatable combinatorial strategy for immune-cold tumors.

Indexed as

Interleukin-2OligodeoxyribonucleotidesReceptors, OX40AnimalsCell Line, TumorDisease Models, AnimalFemaleHumansMiceMice, Inbred BALB CTumor MicroenvironmentInterleukin-2OligodeoxyribonucleotidesReceptors, OX40Combination therapyImmunotherapyMyeloid-derived suppressor cell - MDSCT regulatory cell - Treg

Identifiers

PMID41448832
PMCPMC12742144

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.