Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41446016›Full record

ArticleAnimal welfare (South Mimms, England)2025

Aotearoa New Zealand pet guardians' attitudes towards the financial cost of pet care.

Leena Awawdeh, Natalie Waran, Rachel H Forrest

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Animal welfare (South Mimms, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Leena AwawdehSchool of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University - Wagga, Wagga, NSW, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6236-4772
Natalie WaranNavigate Animal Welfare, Hawke's Bay, Napier, New Zealand.
Rachel H ForrestSchool of Nursing (Te Kura Tāpuhi), College of Health (Te Kura Hauora Tangata), Massey University (Te Kunenga ki Pūrehuroa), Manawatū, New Zealand.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pet guardianship is a common practice globally that enhances human well-being by offering companionship and emotional support. However, it also entails financial responsibilities that can pose challenges to both human and animal well-being. This study used an online survey distributed between January and March 2019 to adults residing in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ), to investigate financial aspects of pet guardianship, including the importance of pet insurance, the impact of veterinary costs, and the ethical considerations of owning a pet. Understanding these aspects is crucial for promoting responsible pet ownership and ensuring animal welfare. Data were collected through a nationwide online survey, part of the Furry Whānau Wellbeing research project. The survey included questions regarding the financial aspects of pet guardianship, and respondents were asked to indicate their level of agreement with various statements. A total of 2,744 respondents participated in the survey. Of these, 2,358 respondents answered the pet guardianship section. Among them, 885 (37.5%) owned both cats and dogs, 652 (28%) were cat-only owners, 609 (26%) were dog-only owners, and 212 (9%) did not currently own a cat or dog. The cost of veterinary care was identified as a key concern, with 1,924 out of 2,296 (83.9%) respondents agreeing that the expense affects the level of healthcare their pets receive. Only one-third of respondents (825/2,296) considered pet insurance essential due to high costs and exclusions. The study also revealed disparities for rural and low-income households. The financial well-being of pet guardians presents a complex challenge, affecting both the well-being of the pet and its owner. This research highlights the need for comprehensive strategies to promote sustainable and equitable pet guardianship, including improving access to affordable veterinary care, enhancing financial literacy among pet owners, and providing support systems for those facing economic hardship.

Indexed as

Animal welfarecompanion animalsfinancial impactpet carepet health insuranceveterinary costs

Identifiers

PMID41446016
PMCPMC12722050

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.