Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41445858›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2025

Outcomes of early rhythm control vs. rate control strategies for atrial fibrillation in late elderly patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Soban Ahmad, Muhammad Junaid Ahsan, Kathryn M Kim, Mohammad Hamza Bin Abdul Malik, Sundus Ikram, Michael H Kim

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Soban AhmadDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States.
Muhammad Junaid AhsanDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.
Kathryn M KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States.
Mohammad Hamza Bin Abdul MalikDepartment of Internal Medicine, Nassau University Medical Center, East Meadow, NY, United States.
Sundus IkramDepartment of Internal Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States.
Michael H KimDepartment of Medicine, Creighton University School of Medicine and CHI Health, Omaha, NE, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is highly prevalent in late elderly patients, yet optimal management remains uncertain. While early rhythm control has shown benefits in younger populations, evidence in patients over 75 years is limited, and rate control remains the main treatment strategy. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing early rhythm vs. rate control in elderly AF patients. Seven retrospective studies with a total of 96,699 patients (27,771 rhythm control; 68,928 rate control) were analyzed. The mean ages were 78.1 and 79.5 years in the rhythm and rate control groups, respectively. Rhythm control was associated with a lower risk of stroke (RR 0.82,

Indexed as

atrial fibrillationmortalityrate controlrhythm controlstroke

Identifiers

PMID41445858
PMCPMC12722857

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.