Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41444681›Full record

ArticleAntimicrobial resistance and infection control2025

Prevalence of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use in Kazakhstan: results of the first nationwide survey in 2023.

Manar Smagul, Aizhan Yessmagambetova, Yuliya Semenova, Kateryna Soiak, Gaukhar Agazhaeva, Akniyet Zharylkassynova, Ademi Yergaliyeva, Bibigul Aubakirova

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Article in Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Manar SmagulNational Center of Public Healthcare, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Aizhan YessmagambetovaNational Center of Public Healthcare, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Yuliya SemenovaSchool of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan. Yuliya.semenova@nu.edu.kz.
Kateryna SoiakWHO Country Office in Kazakhstan, 020000, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Gaukhar AgazhaevaNational Center of Public Healthcare, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Akniyet ZharylkassynovaNational Center of Public Healthcare, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Ademi YergaliyevaNational Center of Public Healthcare, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Bibigul AubakirovaWHO Country Office in Kazakhstan, 020000, Astana, Kazakhstan.

Funding

World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere is a paucity of studies investigating the prevalence of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use at a national level in Kazakhstan. Therefore, this study aims to address this gap by reporting the results of the first nationwide investigation into healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use in acute care hospitals.

methodsA point-prevalence survey was conducted in 26 acute care hospitals across Kazakhstan in June 2023. The methodology strictly adhered to Protocol 5.3 of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. The sample consisted of 8,076 patients.

resultsThe overall rate of healthcare-associated infections was 2.4%, with 42.9% occurring in surgical wards. Pneumonia was the most common type of healthcare-associated infection (25.0%), followed by surgical site infections (13.2%), and gastrointestinal tract infections (11.8%). Antimicrobial use was reported in 40.2% of patients, with cephalosporins being the most frequently prescribed pharmacological group (59.7%). Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was the most commonly observed resistance in microorganisms isolated from HAI cases (47.6%).

conclusionsKazakhstan needs to continue implementing infection prevention and control measures and foster the development of antimicrobial stewardship programs tailored to the specific needs of its hospitals.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsAnti-Infective AgentsCross InfectionAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAntimicrobial StewardshipFemaleHospitalsHumansKazakhstanMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceSurgical Wound InfectionAnti-Bacterial AgentsAnti-Infective AgentsAcute-care hospitalAntimicrobial useHealthcare-associated infectionsKazakhstanPoint-prevalence survey

Identifiers

PMID41444681
PMCPMC12728994

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.