ArticleVirology journal2025
Widespread presence of novel gammaherpesviruses in lagomorph species (Oryctolagus cuniculus, Lepus spp. and Ochotona alpina).
Article in Virology journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundGammaherpesviruses co-evolve with their hosts, resulting in species-specific associations and restricted host tropism. In lagomorphs, six herpesviruses (LeHV-1 to LeHV-6) have been identified, with LeHV-4 being associated with mortality in European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), while the others cause asymptomatic infections. LeHV-5 has been hypothesized to contribute to high morbidity and mortality in Iberian hares (Lepus granatensis) when in presence of concomitant infections such as myxomatosis. However, herpesvirus infections in wild and domestic lagomorphs remain poorly understood.
methodsHere, we conducted the first large-scale screening for herpesviruses in lagomorphs. Using a generalist PCR, we analyzed over 1,000 DNA samples from European rabbits, hares (Lepus spp.), cottontails (Sylvilagus spp.), pikas (Ochotona spp.), pygmy rabbits (Brachylagus idahoensis), volcano rabbits (Romerolagus diazi), Amami rabbits (Pentalagus furnessi), and riverine rabbits (Bunolagus monticularis).
resultsHerpesviruses were detected in 75 samples (7.24%), revealing a putative novel virus in pikas, with ~ 80% similarity to known gammaherpesviruses. We further show circulation of LeHV-5 in European and mountain hares for the first time.
conclusionsThese findings expand the current knowledge of herpesvirus diversity in lagomorphs. Given their potential role in immunosuppression and disease interactions, particularly with myxoma virus, further research is needed to assess their impact on host health and population dynamics.
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