ArticleBMC infectious diseases2025
Assessment of human health risks to tick-borne infections in urban green spaces (UGS) - a study protocol.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Management, socioeconomics, and One Health determinants of tick infestation in communal cattle production systems of South Africa.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAs the world becomes increasingly urbanised, with projections of about two-thirds of a burgeoning population living in urban areas by 2050, several governments are continuously making efforts to create, maintain, and expand urban green spaces and enhance their ecological connectivity. However, the advantages of these green infrastructures are weighed down by their risk of higher human exposure to wildlife, zoonotic diseases, and wildlife-associated ectoparasites, leading to spillage of vector-borne illnesses. METHODS/
designThe research study aims to examine the risk of acquiring tick-borne infections in various urban green spaces. The study aims to examine the impact of landscape features, habitat types, and host communities on the presence, abundance, and distribution patterns of ticks and tick-borne pathogens in cities’ green spaces. Simultaneously, it aims to assess the health risks due of tick-bites arising from human interaction within green spaces. Ticks will be collected from March to October in 2024 and 2025 through the flagging/dragging method at eleven green spaces in Germany’s Bonn and Cologne regions. Tick specimens will be examined for tick-borne pathogens. Simultaneously, an In-field survey will be conducted in these green spaces to assess green space users’ knowledge, attitude and practice behaviours concerning ticks and tick-borne pathogens. DISCUSSION: Our research study will assess the suitability of urban green spaces with varying host communities, landscape composition and connectivity scales for sustaining tick populations and potentially transmitting tick-borne pathogens to humans. We aim to quantify the risk of acquiring tick-borne infection in urban green spaces and formulate recommendations for designing and managing green infrastructures to reduce the transmission of tick-borne pathogens to humans. STUDY REGISTRATION: Clinical trial number: not applicable.
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Registered trials
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