Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41444517›Full record

SynthesisBMC infectious diseases2025

Effect of BCG vaccination on the progression of latent tuberculosis infection to active disease in contacts: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Shunli Cai, Tianwei Yan, Yutian Yang, Xin Guo, Xiang Li, Hongbo Chen, Jian He, Yuan Xia, Yingchen Zhou, Qingtao Tan and 2 more

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Shunli CaiFaculty of Life Science and Technology & The Affiliated Anning First People's Hospital, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650302, China.
Tianwei YanSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650051, China.
Yutian YangSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650051, China.
Xin GuoFaculty of Life Science and Technology & The Affiliated Anning First People's Hospital, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650302, China.
Xiang LiDepartment of Radiology, Kunming Third People's Hospital, Kunming, 650041, China.
Hongbo ChenDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Anning First People's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650302, China.
Jian HeDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Anning First People's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650302, China.
Yuan XiaSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650051, China.
Yingchen ZhouThe School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China.
Qingtao TanSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650051, China.
Xinhua CunDepartment of Orthopaedics, Kunming Third People's Hospital/Yunnan Clinical Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Kunming, 650041, China. cxh2959500250@163.com.
Guozhong ZhouDepartment of Science and Research, The Affiliated Anning First People's Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650302, China. 20220247@kust.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination is well established for preventing severe tuberculosis (TB) in children; however, its effectiveness in reducing the progression of latent TB infection (LTBI) to active disease remains uncertain, particularly in real-world contact settings.

methodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, with data collection completed on December 21, 2024. Eligible studies included individuals with confirmed TB exposure and a positive interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) result. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the Mantel-Haenszel method under a random-effects model, with between-study variance estimated using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) and Wald-type confidence intervals applied for uncertainty estimation. Heterogeneity was quantified using the I

resultsTwenty studies comprising 3,056 participants were included. Using a random-effects model, prior administration of the Bacillus Calmette‑Guérin (BCG) vaccine was associated with a lower risk of LTBI progressing to active TB (RR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.40-0.82; I

conclusionsBCG vaccination was associated with a significantly lower risk of LTBI progression to active TB, with the strength of this association varying by geographic region and age. These findings highlight the need to consider regional TB burden and age-specific factors when formulating vaccination policies.

Indexed as

BCG VaccineLatent TuberculosisVaccinationChildDisease ProgressionHumansTuberculosisBCG VaccineBacillus Calmette-GuérinContactsInterferon-Gamma release assayLatent tuberculosis infectionMeta-analysis

Identifiers

PMID41444517
PMCPMC12838412

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.