ArticleScientific reports2025
Urine-based HIV-1 self-testing in China: A cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy and usability study.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Expanding HIV testing coverage is essential to achieving the first target of the UNAIDS 95-95-95 goals. Under current circumstances, a novel testing method, urine-based HIV self-testing (HIVST) will be essential to reach undiagnosed people living with HIV. This multicenter cross-sectional study conducted in three sites in China evaluated the diagnostic accuracy, usability, and acceptability of urine-based HIVST in untrained users under real-world conditions. Among 1,495 participants, the urine test demonstrated a sensitivity of 99.44% and a specificity of 100.00%, with perfect agreement between self-testers and professionals. Agreement between home-based and facility-based testing was 100.00%, confirming the reliability of self-testing in unsupervised settings. Most participants were able to perform the test correctly and interpret the results independently, achieving high comprehension and satisfaction levels. Urine-based HIVST is accurate, convenient, and highly acceptable, serving as a promising alternative to blood- or oral fluid-based approaches to better accommodate diverse needs and preferences. This non-invasive and user-friendly testing option is expected to expand testing coverage and contribute to achieving the first UNAIDS 95 target in China.
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