Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41442621›Full record

ArticleACS applied bio materials2026

Small Intestine-Targeted Long-Acting Oral Insulin Formulation Based on Engineered Milk Protein Nanoparticles.

Anbu Mozhi Thamizhchelvan, Yuancheng Li, Jonathan Padelford, Ce Yang, Chunhua Yang, Peijian He, Ashan Galhena, Tianhe Wu, Malgorzata Lipowska, Hui Mao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS applied bio materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Anbu Mozhi ThamizhchelvanDepartment of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-8840-6667
Yuancheng LiDepartment of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-7410-0176
Jonathan Padelford5M Biomed, LLC, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States.
Ce Yang5M Biomed, LLC, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States.
Chunhua YangInstitute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-0805-1008
Peijian HeDepartment of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.
Ashan GalhenaDepartment of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.
Tianhe WuDepartment of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.
Malgorzata LipowskaDepartment of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.
Hui MaoDepartment of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-0147-6022

Funding

Stroma penetrating and immune modulating nanoparticles for image-guided therapy of pancreatic cancerR01CA261251 · NCI · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI MAO, HUI, YANG, LILY · 2021 to 2025
$2.6M
MRI Capable Receptor Targeted Drug Delivery for Pancreatic CancerR01CA154846 · NCI · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI MAO, HUI, YANG, LILY · 2011 to 2015
$2.1M
Small Intestine Targeted Fast Acting Oral Insulin FormulationR41DK131761 · NIDDK · 5M BIOMED, LLC · PI LI, YUANCHENG, MAO, HUI · 2021 to 2021
$300k
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA154846NCI NIH HHS R01 CA261251NIDDK NIH HHS R41 DK131761
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Insulin therapies remain essential for glycemic control in diabetes mellitus, yet conventional subcutaneous injection is associated with poor patient compliance, risk of hypoglycemia, and other adverse effects. Oral insulin formulations offer a promising alternative by improving patient adherence and mimicking the endogenous insulin pathway. However, their clinical trials, mostly in enteric capsules and tablets, have yielded limited efficacy due to low insulin bioavailability. In this study, we prepared an oral insulin formulation by coencapsulating insulin and the permeation enhancer sodium caprate (C

Indexed as

Biocompatible MaterialsHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinIntestine, SmallMilk ProteinsNanoparticlesAdministration, OralAnimalsCaseinsMaleMaterials TestingMiceParticle SizeBiocompatible MaterialsCaseinsHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinMilk Proteinsdiabetesinsulinlong actingmilk proteinnanoparticleoral delivery

Identifiers

PMID41442621
PMCPMC12820955

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.