Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41441937›Full record

ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2025

The Impact of Exercise Interventions on Sustained Attention for Children and Adolescents With ADHD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Mengping Zhao, Jiayue Li, Richard H Xu, Chang Liu, Chunxiao Li, Jinxian Guo, Li Su, Xiao Liang

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Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Deconstructing the Diet-Language Myth in Autism: A Divergent V-Type Model.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Mengping ZhaoSchool of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Jiayue LiCentre for Early Child Development, Gansu Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
Richard H XuDepartment of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
Chang LiuVanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
Chunxiao LiSchool of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
Jinxian GuoCentre for Early Child Development, Gansu Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Lanzhou, China. 352864236@qq.com.
Li SuSchool of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China. sul@lzu.edu.cn.
Xiao LiangDepartment of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9874-3376

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeStudies have consistently shown that exercise interventions are beneficial for improving attention in children and adolescents. Nevertheless, the evidence regarding its impact on the sustained attention (SA) of children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is unclear. This study synthesises empirical studies on the effects of exercise interventions on the SA of children and adolescents with ADHD.

methodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of the literature was conducted in April 2024, and the updated search was conducted until September 2025 in six electronic databases: CINAHL Complete, Embase, Medline, PsychINFO, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. Randomised controlled trials and non-randomised comparison studies that applied exercise interventions and assessed SA using neurocognitive tasks among children and adolescents with ADHD were included. Meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model, and Hedges' g was used to express the effect size index. The quality assessment was conducted using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale.

results11 studies with adequate to high methodological quality were included, originating from four regions and published between 2012 and 2023. In total, 540 children and adolescents with ADHD aged 5-18 years were included. The meta-analytic findings indicated that exercise interventions improved their sustained SA (g = 0.877). Subgroup analysis revealed that cognitively engaging exercises (g = 0.980) produced significant training effects than aerobic exercise on SA. Meta-regression indicated that older children (5-18 years) interventions with more total sessions (12-144 sessions), generated greater benefits.

conclusionExercise interventions positively affect the SA of children and adolescents with ADHD.

Indexed as

ADHDChildren and adolescentsPhysical activitySustained attention

Identifiers

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.