Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41441617›Full record

ReviewToxins2025

Molecular Mechanisms of Venom Diversity.

Marcela Akemi Ishihara, Adriana Rios Lopes, Milton Yutaka Nishiyama-Jr

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Toxins, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Marcela Akemi IshiharaLaboratory of Applied Toxinology, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05585-000, SP, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0001-5277-3046
Adriana Rios LopesLaboratory of Biochemistry, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05585-000, SP, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-9741-2110
Milton Yutaka Nishiyama-JrLaboratory of Applied Toxinology, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05585-000, SP, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-2410-0562

Funding

Coordenação de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Financing code 001Fundação Butantan 001/0708/003.433/2021
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Animal venoms are valuable resources for drug discovery. They offer a wide variety of bioactive molecules with significant biotechnological potential. Venom composition shows extensive diversity not only between and within species, but also across the lifetime of an individual. This natural variation further enhances the biotechnological potential of venoms, supporting the development and optimization of venom-derived drugs. Despite numerous studies highlighting the variability of venom, many lack a coherent framework to explain the underlying causes of this diversity. In this review, we explore the molecular and evolutionary mechanisms driving variations in venom composition and the evolution of venom systems, including gene regulation, point mutations, gene duplication events, modulation by miRNAs, alternative splicing and post-translational modifications as driving forces of venom component diversity. We also discuss the critical role of omics technologies and comparative studies in advancing our understanding of the diversity of venom and their contribution to the identification, development, and refinement of venom-based product candidates. The aspects reviewed here are relevant for future omics study designs to advance venom research and biodiscovery.

Indexed as

VenomsAnimalsEvolution, MolecularHumansProtein Processing, Post-TranslationalVenomsdrug discoverygene expressionphenotypic variationvenomvenomics

Identifiers

PMID41441617
PMCPMC12737323

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.