Quantitative Analysis of Protein Fouling in Virus Removal Filtration Membranes Through Electron Tomography.

Mohammad A Afzal, Kaitlyn P Brickey, Enrique D Gomez, Andrew L Zydney

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Membranes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Mohammad A AfzalDepartment of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

Kaitlyn P BrickeyDepartment of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

Enrique D GomezDepartment of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8942-4480

Andrew L ZydneyDepartment of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1865-9156

Funding

U.S. National Science Foundation 1841474U.S. National Science Foundation 2310832

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Protein fouling can significantly reduce the filtrate flux, capacity, and virus retention during processing of plasma- or mammalian cell-derived biopharmaceuticals through virus removal filters. We use focused ion beam (FIB) milling and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to directly evaluate changes in 3D pore structure in a Viresolve

Indexed as

electron tomographypore morphologypore size distributionprotein foulingvirus filtration

Identifiers

PMID41441072

DOI10.3390/membranes15120369

PMCPMC12734478

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.