The Evaluation of Ammonium Sulphate as a Potential Draw Solute in a Hybrid FO-RO Process to Concentrate Nutrients (NPK) from a Simulated Liquid Digestate-Part I: Deionized Water as a Feed Solution.

Marsa Tolouei, Roshan Abraham, Niloofar Abdehagh, Majid Sartaj, Boguslaw Kruczek

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Membranes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Marsa ToloueiDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N6, Canada.

Roshan AbrahamDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N6, Canada.

Niloofar AbdehaghNatural Resources Canada (NRCan), 580 Booth Street, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E4, Canada.

Majid SartajDepartment of Civil Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N6, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-6482-9377

Boguslaw KruczekDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N6, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-8284-540X

Funding

Agricultural and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) ACT-RI-102Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) Canada Discovery Grant, DG: 04443

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The ultimate objective of this research is to concentrate nutrients-nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K)-and produce process water from a chemically pretreated liquid digestate using an FO-RO hybrid process. However, in this manuscript, we assessed the suitability of (NH

Indexed as

ammonium sulfatedraw solutionforward osmosishybrid FO-RO processnutrient recoveryreverse osmosis

Identifiers

PMID41441069

DOI10.3390/membranes15120366

PMCPMC12735072

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.