ArticleMetabolites2025
Untargeted Metabolomics for Profiling of Cascara, Senna, Rhubarb, and Frangula Metabolites.
Article in Metabolites, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Chemical Profiling and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Assessment of Commercial Red Yeast Rice Ingredients.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesNatural products containing hydroxyanthracene derivatives (HADs) such as Cascara (
methodsFour commercial botanical raw materials were extracted with 60% methanol and analysed by UPLC-HRMS/MS in positive and negative ion modes. Features were processed in Compound Discoverer and annotated by accurate mass and MS/MS matching against spectral databases, then assigned to structural classes using a graph neural network classifier. Multivariate analyses (PCA, HCA) were used to compare metabolic patterns across species.
resultsIn total, 93, 83, 83 and 51 metabolites were annotated in cascara, frangula, rhubarb, and senna, respectively, spanning flavonoids, anthraquinones, phenylpropanoids and other classes. Only four flavonoids were shared by all species, indicating marked biochemical divergence. Several putatively species-enriched features were observed, including pavine in cascara and frangula, vicenin-2 in senna, and piceatannol in rhubarb. Senna displayed the most distinct metabolic profile, whereas cascara and frangula clustered closely.
conclusionsThis work provides a chemistry-centred metabolomic fingerprint of four HAD-containing herbal drugs using graph-based neural networks for natural product classification, supporting future studies on the pharmacological potential, bioavailability and safety of their metabolites.
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