ReviewCells2025
Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts-Derived Exosomes as Mediators of Immunotherapy Resistance in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
Review in Cells, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- ADSCs-Exo ameliorates UVB-induced skin DNA damage via p62-RNF168-dependent histone ubiquitination.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2026Article
- Photodynamic therapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: immunomodulation and stromal targeting of cancer-associated fibroblasts.Translational oncology · 2026Review
- Review
- Potential of RAD51C as a hub gene and therapeutic target in bladder cancer: insights from bioinformatics and experimental analysis.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026Article
- Pharmacological Targeting of Angiogenesis in Head and Neck Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Role of Distinct Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Subtypes in Prostate Cancer Immunotherapy.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Recent Advances in Nanomedicine for Targeted Phototherapy in Head and Neck Cancer.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Role of cancer-associated fibroblast-derived exosomes in pancreatic cancer: clinical therapeutic potential and targeting challenges.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) orchestrates tumor growth, immune evasion, and therapeutic response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Current immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) target the programmed death receptor-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) axis and improve survival in recurrent, metastatic, and locally advanced HNSCC. Tumor cells produced exosomes directly suppress cytotoxic T-lymphocytes activity by modulating immune checkpoint pathways and disrupting T-cell receptor signaling. Cancer-associated fibroblast-derived exosomes (CAF-Exos) function indirectly by conditioning immune escape and tumor growth. Together, these exosomal populations cooperate to create an immunosuppressive niche that hinders the efficacy of immunotherapies. CAF-Exos induce TME changes that exclude CD8
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.