ReviewCells2025
Radiation-Induced Fibrosis (RIF) in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC): A Review.
Review in Cells, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Normal tissue complication probability modeling of radiation-induced neck fibrosis in head and neck Cancer survivors: a patient-reported outcome-based analysis.Clinical and translational radiation oncology · 2026Article
- Nucleotide Metabolism in Health and Disease.MedComm · 2026Review
- Review
- Symptom Clusters and Related Factors of Late Toxicities in Head and Neck Cancer Survivors After Radiation Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Study.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Radiation-induced fibrosis (RIF) refers to the aberrant and continuous induction of myofibroblast-mediated wound healing in response to radiation therapy (RT) and occurs in up to 50% of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients post-RT. Frontline treatment consists of an anti-inflammatory agent, pentoxifylline, in combination with an antioxidant, Vitamin E, (PENTOX) along with palliative care agents such as corticosteroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, muscle relaxants (i.e., botulinum toxin A), or physical therapy for alleviation of symptoms such as pain, inflammation, and lymphedema. However, while efficacious in stabilization and palliation of disease, PENTOX is one of the only established agents with confirmed anti-fibrotic effects in HNSCC. Alternative therapies such as hyperbaric oxygen therapy or superoxide dismutase show efficacy in alleviating acute radiation toxicities but lack a substantial reduction in fibrotic burden. Furthermore, experimental investigations into natural antioxidants, anti-fibrotic agents approved for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, mesenchymal stem cell therapy, and general nutritional support, indicate anti-RIF potential, but studies in HNSCC specifically are lacking. This review aims to characterize the pathogenesis of RIF development in the HNSCC disease setting and summarize promising anti-fibrotic agents under investigation for radiation-induced toxicities.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.