ArticleDiseases (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Association of Vitamin D Deficiency with Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectiveDiabetic nephropathy (DN), a key microvascular complication of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), drives significant morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to renal dysfunction, but its role in DN remains unclear. This study assessed the association between vitamin D status and DN versus T2DM without nephropathy.
methodsThis cross-sectional hospital-based study included 399 participants (299 DN, 100 T2DM without nephropathy) at a tertiary endocrine clinic. Demographic, clinical, and biochemical data, including serum 25(OH)D, were collected. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney compared categorical and continuous variables, respectively, and multinomial logistic regression assessed the association between vitamin D status and DN (
resultsPatients with DN were older (58.2 ± 7.95 vs. 51.4 ± 9.94 years,
conclusionsThis study shows a significant association between vitamin D deficiency and diabetic nephropathy, though its cross-sectional design precludes causal inference. Reverse causality and residual confounding cannot be excluded. Patients with DN had poorer glycemic control, dyslipidemia, and renal function, along with more frequent vitamin D deficiency. Routine vitamin D monitoring may support early detection and risk stratification in T2DM.
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