Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41439870›Full record

ArticleBiomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Design and Characterization of Sustainable PLA-Based Systems Modified with a Rosin-Derived Resin: Structure-Property Relationships and Functional Performance.

Harrison de la Rosa-Ramírez, Miguel Aldas, Cristina Pavon, Franco Dominici, Marco Rallini, Debora Puglia, Luigi Torre, Juan López-Martínez, María Dolores Samper

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Harrison de la Rosa-RamírezInstituto de Tecnología de Materiales (ITM), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-2913-7938
Miguel AldasDepartamento de Ciencia de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería Química y Agroindustria, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito 170517, Ecuador.ORCID 0000-0003-3491-6618
Cristina PavonInstituto de Tecnología de Materiales (ITM), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-2902-0059
Franco DominiciCivil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Perugia, Strada di Pentima 4, 05100 Terni, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4861-7520
Marco RalliniCivil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Perugia, Strada di Pentima 4, 05100 Terni, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2526-1077
Debora PugliaCivil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Perugia, Strada di Pentima 4, 05100 Terni, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-8515-7813
Luigi TorreCivil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Perugia, Strada di Pentima 4, 05100 Terni, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7872-5712
Juan López-MartínezInstituto de Tecnología de Materiales (ITM), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-6904-2282
María Dolores SamperInstituto de Tecnología de Materiales (ITM), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-5102-8412

Funding

Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades PID2023-152869OB-C22Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades PID2024-157368NB-C33
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The design of sustainable polymer systems with tunable properties is essential for next-generation functional materials. This study examines the influence of a phenol-free modified rosin resin (Unik Print™ 3340, UP)-a maleic anhydride- and fumaric acid-modified gum rosin-on the structural, thermal, rheological, and mechanical behavior of four poly(lactic acid) (PLA) grades with different molecular weights and crystallinity. Blends containing 3 phr of UP were prepared by melt compounding. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the incorporation of UP did not alter the thermal degradation of PLA, confirming stability retention. In contrast, differential scanning calorimetry revealed that UP affected thermal transitions, suppressing crystallization and melting in amorphous PLA grades and shifting the crystallization temperature to lower values in semi-crystalline grades. The degree of crystallinity decreased for low-molecular-weight semi-crystalline PLA but slightly increased in higher-molecular-weight samples. Mechanical tests indicated that UP acted as a physical modifier, increasing toughness by over 25% for all PLA grades and up to 60% in the amorphous, low-molecular-weight grade. Rheological measurements revealed moderate viscosity variations, while FESEM analysis confirmed microstructural features consistent with improved ductility. Overall, UP resin enables fine tuning of the structure-property relationships of PLA without compromising stability, offering a sustainable route for developing bio-based polymer systems with enhanced mechanical performance and potential use in future biomimetic material designs.

Indexed as

bio-based polymerspoly(lactic acid) (PLA)rosin-derived resinstructure–property relationshipssustainable materialsthermomechanical behavior

Identifiers

PMID41439870
PMCPMC12730374

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.