Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41438713›Full record

ArticleMaterials today. Bio2025

3D printing combined with thermally induced phase separation for engineering hierarchical osteogenic PLA scaffolds.

Xinyi Yun, Ziyue Li, Zi Yan, Shiyu Li, Zhenning Dai, Jintao Hu, Yueyi Ren, Liming Huang, Qingshi Wang, Chengyu Zhang and 6 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Materials today. Bio, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Xinyi YunDepartment of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
Ziyue LiDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China.
Zi YanDepartment of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
Shiyu LiDepartment of Immunology, Institute of Geriatric Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
Zhenning DaiDepartment of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, 510095, China.
Jintao HuDepartment of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
Yueyi RenAngiitis Department of The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 51006, China.
Liming HuangSanming Second Hospital, Sanming, 366000, China.
Qingshi WangSanming Second Hospital, Sanming, 366000, China.
Chengyu ZhangDepartment of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
Jianxin LiDepartment of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
Chunnuan DengDepartment of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
Han LiuInstitute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
Weihan ZhengGuangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, 510630, China.
Chong ZhongDepartment of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
Ziqi ZhangDepartment of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Accelerated population aging and rising incidence of bone defects have intensified the need for advanced bone regeneration strategies. While tissue-engineered scaffolds fabricated via 3D printing offer promising alternatives to conventional grafts, most techniques fail to replicate the multi-scale fibrous architecture of native bone extracellular matrix, limiting their biofunctionality. To address this, we developed a hybrid manufacturing strategy integrating low-temperature thermally induced phase separation with extrusion-based 3D printing of polylactic acid (PLA) scaffolds. By optimizing solvent ratios (THF: DMF = 3:1) and freezing temperatures (-196 °C-4 °C), we produced scaffolds with tunable micro-nano fibrous surfaces and macroporous structures. Key findings revealed that scaffolds processed at -196 °C (PLA-196) exhibited the highest porosity (pore size: 6.01 ± 2.06 μm), superior hydrophilicity, and enhanced compressive modulus. These scaffolds significantly promoted BMSC adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation via activation of

Indexed as

3D printingBone repairMicro-nano fibrous structurePolylactic acidThermally induced phase separation

Identifiers

PMID41438713
PMCPMC12721073

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.