ArticleJHEP reports : innovation in hepatology2026
Epidemiology, clinical, molecular features, and prognosis of early-onset biliary tract cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Article in JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Care delivery among patients with early-onset versus average-onset cholangiocarcinoma: a nationwide retrospective analysis.ESMO gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Article
- Molecular epidemiology ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background & Aims: Early-onset gastrointestinal cancers represent a growing global health concern. Among these, early-onset biliary tract cancer (EO-BTC) remains relatively understudied. In this systematic review, we synthesize current evidence for EO-BTC. Methods: A comprehensive systematic literature search was performed across multiple databases. Original studies investigating epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, pathological and/or molecular features, treatment, and prognosis of EO-BTC were included and synthesized. Meta-analyses were performed using the Mantel-Haenszel and generic inverse variance methods with random-effects models. Results: In total, 32 studies were included. EO-BTC incidence varied by anatomical subtype, with a notable increase in early-onset intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Disparities in ethnicity and socioeconomic status were apparent between younger and older patients. Clinically, the disease was often diagnosed at a more advanced stage in younger patients (for stage IV, odds ratio [OR], 1.31; 95% CI, 1.19-1.43; Conclusions: EO-BTC represents a clinically and molecularly distinct subset within biliary tract cancers, with emerging epidemiological patterns, a higher prevalence of actionable molecular alterations, and differences in treatment allocation. Further prospective and age-stratified studies are needed to guide age-adapted detection and therapeutic strategies. PROSPERO ID: CRD420251039039. Impact and implications: This systematic review highlights that EO-BTC exhibits different epidemiological and molecular patterns compared with later-onset disease, including a higher prevalence of intrahepatic subtypes and greater frequency of targetable alterations, such as
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