ArticleSSM - population health2026
Discrimination, trust, and well-being: dual risk-and-resilience pathways among African immigrants in 29 European countries.
Article in SSM - population health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: First-generation adults born in African countries and living in Europe are under-represented in population health research. We examined links between perceived discrimination, social exclusion, and subjective well-being (SWB), and whether social trust mediates these associations, distinguishing bridging (generalised) from bonding dynamics. Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from 524 African-born adults in 29 European countries (ESS Round 11, 2023/24) using structural equation modelling to estimate direct and bootstrapped (10,000) indirect paths, adjusting for age, gender, marital status, and length of residence. Model fit was excellent: χ Results: Discrimination was negatively associated with SWB (β = -0.33, Conclusions: Findings suggest discrimination is associated with lower (bridging) trust and poorer well-being. In contrast, social exclusion is associated with a small, trust-mediated (bonding) pathway without a direct SWB benefit. Given the cross-sectional design and absence of race/skin-colour measures in ESS, implications are illustrative: reducing discriminatory experiences and co-designing initiatives that foster intercultural contact (bridging) and community solidarity (bonding) may align with better well-being, pending longitudinal and quasi-experimental confirmation.
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