Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41438045›Full record

ArticleiScience2025

Downward comparisons enhance carbon credit policy sustainability: Lab evidence.

Chenke Hu, Kehua Wang, Linghao Wang, Jun Zhao, Zheng Zhu, Hai Yang, Hongxing Ding, Guibing He, Ziyi Wang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in iScience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Chenke HuInstitute of Intelligent Transportation Systems & Polytechnic Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Kehua WangInstitute of Intelligent Transportation Systems, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Linghao WangInstitute of Intelligent Transportation Systems, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Jun ZhaoDepartment of Civil & Architectural Engineering and Mechanics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Zheng ZhuInstitute of Intelligent Transportation Systems, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Hai YangDepartment of Civil and Environment Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
Hongxing DingDepartment of Civil and Environment Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
Guibing HeDepartment of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Ziyi WangZhejiang Tranalytic Technology Company, Wenzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Carbon-inclusive policies that modify daily activities are crucial for reducing emissions. The Credit Charge-cum-Rebate (CCR) scheme is a promising approach to encouraging pro-environmental behavior, balancing fiscal and emission performance. However, it remains theoretically underexplored. To address this, an experimental study with 270 participants was conducted. A validation experiment identifies significant theory-practice deviations, particularly in the low-credit group, which jeopardizes fiscal sustainability. Three non-financial interventions are tested, with low-credit feedback using downward social comparison proving most effective at improving fiscal outcomes. A Beijing-based case study illustrates potential savings of billions of yuan over six years. The study recommends that policymakers implement targeted interventions such as downward comparisons for penalized low-credit users, and integrate non-financial tools more widely.

Indexed as

Environmental managementEnvironmental policyEnvironmental science

Identifiers

PMID41438045
PMCPMC12721203

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.