ArticleJournal of dental education2026
Evaluation of Dental Student Empathy Scores Using Cognitive and Effective Empathy Measures.
Article in Journal of dental education, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Does Clinical Training Influence Empathy in Dental Students? Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study in Lithuania.Dentistry journal · 2026Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundEmpathy is stressed as an important component of patient-centered practice and training within the dental profession, yet assessment of both cognitive and affective empathy among dental students in a US dental school model is sparse.
aimTo determine if dental students' cognitive and affective empathy differs by class year, gender, and age in a US dental school model.
methodsThis cross-sectional study examined self-reported empathy levels of first to fourth year dental students from a US dental school, using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Profession Students (JSE-HPS) and the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (TEQ). Questions were scored using a 1-7 Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 7 = strongly agree); associations were tested using ANOVA and two-sample t-tests.
resultsTwo-thirds of the dental students (66%) took the survey, n = 280. Most were female (50%), between 19 and 24 years old (52%), and in their first or second year of dental school (66%). The average JSE-HPS score was 112 ± 11 and the average TEQ score was 91 ± 11. JSE-HPS scores were significantly different between dental classes (p = 0.012). Fourth year students had significantly lower JSE-HPS scores than the first and third year students (108 vs. 114 and 114; Tukey's p = 0.022 and 0.044). Females and students < 25 years demonstrated significantly higher empathy both JSE-HP and TEQ. Cognitive and affective empathy measures were positively associated (Pearson r = 0.63, p < 0.001).
conclusionDental educators should be aware of changes in student empathy levels during dental training to support and promote empathy development across class years within the US dental school model.
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