Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41437047›Full record

ArticleBMC veterinary research2025

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterococcus species and the associated risk factors in poultry farms in Blantyre City: a wake-up call to the one health approach.

Muonaouza Deleza, Petros Chigwechokha, Peter Mwale, Lecollins Mthirakuwiri, Williams Mwantoma, Brighton Nkunika, Samson Batani, Chisomo Redson, John Njalam'mano, John Taulo and 3 more

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Article in BMC veterinary research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Muonaouza DelezaDepartment of Energy Resources, Ndata School of Climate and Earth Sciences, Malawi University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 5196, Limbe, Malawi.
Petros ChigwechokhaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 5196, Limbe, Malawi.
Peter MwaleDepartment of Animal Health and Livestock Development, Central Veterinary Laboratory, P.O. Box 527, Lilongwe, Malawi.
Lecollins MthirakuwiriDepartment of Animal Health and Livestock Development, Central Veterinary Laboratory, P.O. Box 527, Lilongwe, Malawi.
Williams MwantomaDepartment of Animal Health and Livestock Development, Central Veterinary Laboratory, P.O. Box 527, Lilongwe, Malawi.
Brighton NkunikaBlantyre Regional Veterinary Laboratory, P.O. Box 96, Blantyre, Malawi.
Samson BataniBlantyre Society for the Protection and Care for Animals, P.O. Box 124, Blantyre, Malawi.
Chisomo RedsonDepartment of Management and Leadership Studies, University of Malawi, P.O. Box 280, Zomba, Malawi.
John Njalam'manoDepartment of Water Resources, Ndata School of Climate and Earth Sciences, Malawi University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 5196, Limbe, Malawi.
John TauloDepartment of Energy Resources, Ndata School of Climate and Earth Sciences, Malawi University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 5196, Limbe, Malawi.
Wilfred KadewaDirectorate of Malawi Environmental Protection Authority, P/Bag 317, Lilongwe 3, Malawi.
Alfred MaluwaDirectorate of Research and Outreach, Malawi University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 5109, Limbe, Malawi.
Henson KaingaDepartment of Veterinary Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 219, Lilongwe, Malawi. hensonkainga@luanar.ac.mw.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSmall scale poultry farming often involves intensive farming which includes the extensive use of antibiotics for growth promotion and disease prevention. This can be used as a focal point for understanding the spread of resistant bacteria among the livestock, human and the environment interface. This study aimed at unravelling the antimicrobial use and resistance in small scale poultry farmers in Blantyre, Malawi.

methodsSamples from chickens, humans and the environment were collected from various poultry farms to assess resistant profiles for Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterococcus species. Bacterial culturing and disc diffusion methods were used to isolate and assess the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of the isolated bacteria respectively. Logistic and linear regression tests were used to assess potential risk factors for the AMR.

resultsThe study revealed uniform resistance profiles of E. coli to ampicillin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim across samples from humans, chickens and their shared environment. The K. pneumoniae resistance profiles to sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim were higher in chicken and environmental samples compared to the human samples. The resistance profiles for Enterococcus species to vancomycin, linezolid, ciprofloxacin and tigecycline were similar across the three sample types. Nevertheless, E. coli and K. pneumoniae showed 100% sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim, while the Enterococcus species showed 80% resistance to vancomycin from all the three sample types. Farms that did not observe withdrawal periods were five times more likely to experience AMR (OR = 5.32, 95% CI: 1.89–14.94, p = 0.013) than the farms that observed withdrawal periods. Farms that had inadequate waste management practices were three times more likely to experience AMR (OR = 3.42, 95% CI: 1.22–9.59, p = 0.037) than the farms that had adequate waste management practices.

conclusionsThe study confirms occurrence of AMR in the poultry farming, humans and the environment influenced by both biological and management factors. The similar resistance patterns across three sample types suggest a dynamic transmission of resistant bacteria at the human-animal-environment interface, hence emphasizing the need for a One health approach to mitigate AMR.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsEnterococcusEscherichia coliKlebsiella pneumoniaeAnimal HusbandryAnimalsChickensDrug Resistance, BacterialFarmsHumansMicrobial Sensitivity TestsOne HealthPoultry DiseasesRisk FactorsAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntimicrobial resistanceBroilersLayersOne healthPoultryPublic healthRisk factors

Identifiers

PMID41437047
PMCPMC12882281

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.