ArticleBMC public health2025
Influence of body mass index on blood pressure in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional school-based study.
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundIn recent years, the incidence of hypertension in children and adolescents has gradually increased, becoming a public health issue of global concern. Current evidence has established a correlation between body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure in adult populations, whereas the nature of this association remains inconclusive in pediatric population. Therefore, in this study, we explored the association between BMI and blood pressure in children and adolescents.
methodsThis cross-sectional study included 8,157 children and adolescents aged 6-17 years in Zhangwu County, Liaoning Province. From February to September 2022, we collected the hypertension risk factor questionnaire and completed anthropometric measurements and blood pressure measurements. BMI was calculated as (weight (kg)/height (m)
resultsThe overall prevalence of hypertension was 20.4%, with a prevalence of 19.9% in boys and 20.8% in girls. The blood pressure categories increased with the elevation of BMI categories (all P < 0.001). A significant association between BMI categories and blood pressure categories was observed in both the unadjusted model (prehypertension: OR = 5.01, 95%CI: 4.52-5.55; stage one hypertension: OR = 10.09, 95%CI: 9.03-11.26; stage two hypertension: OR = 108.54, 95%CI: 91.05-129.38; all P < 0.001) and the model adjusted for age and smoking (prehypertension: OR = 6.05, 95%CI: 4.91-7.46; stage one hypertension: OR = 12.20, 95%CI: 9.86-15.08; stage two hypertension: OR = 131.39, 95%CI: 102.02-169.20; all P < 0.001).
conclusionOverweight and obesity may represent a potential risk factor for high blood pressure in the pediatric population. These findings underscore the importance of early weight management to mitigate the long-term risk of cardiovascular diseases.
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