ArticleBMC infectious diseases2025
Aspergillus pseudomembranous tracheitis leading to tracheal cartilage exfoliation: uncommon disease with rare presentation.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundWhile pulmonary aspergillosis constitutes a common fungal infection with typical respiratory manifestations, its association with tracheal cartilage exfoliation is an exceedingly rare complication. This report describes a case in a 55-year-old female, detailing the clinical presentation, therapeutic management, and follow-up to elucidate this unusual disease process. CASE PRESENTATION: A middle-aged diabetic woman presented with cough, wheezing, and sputum. Imaging and bronchoscopy identified a tracheal mass, with biopsy confirming fungal (likely Aspergillus) infection.During intravenous voriconazole treatment, she coughed out a piece of cartilage, confirming tracheal invasion. Follow-up showed tracheal stenosis, granulation tissue, and cartilage destruction.Over the time her symptoms resolved. Follow-up CT showed stable tracheal narrowing, with good recovery.
conclusionDespite improved diagnostics for pulmonary fungal infections, tracheal cartilage exfoliation due to Aspergillus remains a serious concern. The fungus secretes endotoxins and proteases that cause tissue necrosis and cartilage invasion, leading to exfoliation prone to misdiagnosis and life-threatening asphyxia. Therefore, thorough patient education about this risk is essential. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
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