Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41436950›Full record

ArticleBMC geriatrics2025

Detection of social frailty in older adults: validation and reliability of the Makizako Social Frailty Index for Turkish older adults, a cross-sectional study.

Cansu Atbas, Huseyin Sayin, Didem Karaduman, Zeynep Sahiner, Merve Hafizoglu, Murat Pehlivan, Cafer Balci, Burcu Balam Dogu, Meltem Halil, Mustafa Cankurtaran

Abstract readValidation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC geriatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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1citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Cansu AtbasDivision of Geriatric, Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. dr.cansuatbas@gmail.com.
Huseyin SayinInternal Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Didem KaradumanDivision of Geriatric, Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Zeynep SahinerDivision of Geriatric, Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Merve HafizogluDivision of Geriatric, Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Murat PehlivanDivision of Geriatric, Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Cafer BalciDivision of Geriatric, Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Burcu Balam DoguDivision of Geriatric, Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Meltem HalilDivision of Geriatric, Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Mustafa CankurtaranDivision of Geriatric, Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAcknowledging social frailty is crucial in nations where the number of older adults is rising. This study aims to assess the validity and reliability of the Makizako Social Frailty Index among the Turkish older adult population.

methodsOne hundred and seventy patients were included in the study. Older adults admitted to the geriatric medicine outpatient clinic at the university hospital were included. All patients had a comprehensive geriatric assessment. The Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS) concordance test was used to assess the validity of the Makizako Social Frailty Index. Test-retest and inter-rater reliability analyses were also performed.

resultsThe mean age of the participants was 72.8 ± 5.82 years. Among them, 105 individuals (61.8%) were female. A total of 32 participants (18.8%) were living alone. There were 102 individuals (60.0%) with an educational duration of 5 years or less. There was a moderate concordance between the Makizako Social Frailty Index and the EFS (Cohen's kappa: 0.287, p<0.001). The Makizako Social Frailty Index inter-rater and retest reliabilities were excellent (Cohen's kappa: 0.913, p<0.001 and 0.895, p<0.001, respectively). The sensitivity of the Makizako Social Frailty Index determined according to the EFS was 68.00% (95%CI: 46.50-85.05), the specificity was 74.48% (95%CI: 66.58-81.35), the positive predictive value was 31.48% (95%CI: 23.78-40.35), and the negative predictive value was 93.10% (95%CI: 88.32-96.02).

conclusionsThe Makizako Social Frailty Index, which comprehensively assessed social frailty through five items, was a valid and reliable tool for the Turkish older adult population.

Indexed as

Frail ElderlyFrailtyGeriatric AssessmentAgedAged, 80 and overCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleReproducibility of ResultsTurkeyFrailtyGeriatricsLonelinessOlder adultsSocial frailty

Identifiers

PMID41436950
PMCPMC12849728

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