ArticleBMC infectious diseases2025
Retrospective analysis of sexually transmitted infections among people living with HIV and pre-exposure prophylaxis users in Spain.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to compare the frequency and characteristics of sexually transmitted infections (STI) between people with HIV (PWH) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users.
methodsA retrospective analysis was conducted using nucleic acid amplification techniques (NAAT) for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Mycoplasma genitalium in rectal, urine, and pharyngeal samples, as well as serological tests for syphilis. The samples were collected and analysed as part of routine clinical care and sent to the microbiology department between Jan 1 2023, and May 31 2023. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with STI diagnosis; adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported.
resultsA total of 459 samples from 450 participants (277 PWH and 173 on PrEP) were included in the analysis. Overall, 144 (32%) participants tested positive for at least one STI. PrEP users had a lower median age (35 vs. 42 years; p < 0.01), were more frequently born in Spain (77.5% vs. 57.6%; p < 0.01), had a higher level of education (university 62.4% vs. 48.4%; p < 0.01), and had a higher prevalence of chemsex use (18.4% vs. 12.9%; p < 0.01). The prevalence of STIs was significantly higher among the PrEP users (38.2% vs. 28.2%; p = 0.027). However, this difference was insignificant after multivariable adjustment (aOR 1.09, 95% CI 0.6–1.7). Neisseria gonorrhoeae was the most common pathogen among PrEP users, while Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium were more frequent in PWH. Independent factors associated with STI diagnosis included chemsex use (aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1–3.3) and higher educational level (aOR 2.4, 95% CI 1.7–3.4).
conclusionSTIs were commonly diagnosed among PWH and PrEP users, particularly in individuals engaging in chemsex. The different bacterial profiles of STI between PWH and PrEP users underline the importance of continuous STI surveillance. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.