Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41436452›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals a quiescence-senescence continuum and distinct senotypes following chemotherapy.

Brianna Fernandez, Victor J Passanisi, Humza M Ashraf, Sabrina L Spencer

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. The immunology behind inflammaging-causes, sources, and mechanisms.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Brianna FernandezDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.
Victor J PassanisiDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.
Humza M AshrafDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.
Sabrina L SpencerDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA. sabrina.spencer@colorado.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5798-3007

Funding

University of Colorado Cancer Center Support Grant - Lung Cancer Patient-Derived Xenografts with Autologous Human Immune SystemsP30CA046934 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI James V Degregori · 1988 to 2026
$117.0M
Predoctoral Training Program in Signaling and Cellular Regulation INCLUDE Down Syndrome SupplementT32GM142607 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI Sabrina Leigh Spencer, Tin Tin Su · 2021 to 2026
$3.6M
PROLIFERATION-QUIESCENCE CONTROL IN SINGLE CELLS: INTEGRATION OF MITOGEN, NUTRIENT, AND STRESS SIGNALINGDP2CA238330 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI SPENCER, SABRINA LEIGH · 2018 to 2018
$2.3M
Progressive states of cell-cycle withdrawalR01AG082942 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI Sabrina Leigh Spencer · 2023 to 2026
$1.5M
Opera Phenix High Throughput and High Content Confocal MicroscopeS10OD025072 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI LIU, XUEDONG · 2018 to 2018
$1.1M
FACSAria Fusion Cell SorterS10OD021601 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI LIU, XUEDONG · 2016 to 2016
$599k
Defining the transition from deep quiescence to senescenceF31CA284877 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI Brianna Fernandez · 2024 to 2026
$86k
NCI NIH HHS DP2 CA238330NCI NIH HHS F31 CA284877NCI NIH HHS P30 CA046934NIA NIH HHS R01 AG082942NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM142607NIH HHS S10 OD021601NIH HHS S10 OD025072U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) 1DP2CA238330-01U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01 R01AG082942
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Quiescence (reversible cell-cycle arrest) and senescence (irreversible arrest) are challenging to distinguish due to a lack of specific biomarkers, yet both arise simultaneously after chemotherapy. While senescence suppresses tumors by limiting proliferation and recruiting the immune system, quiescent cancer cells evade future therapies and may resume proliferation. Here, we pair time-lapse imaging of cell-cycle dynamics with single-cell RNA sequencing after etoposide treatment to differentiate these states, linking heterogeneous cell-cycle phenotypes to the transcriptomic landscape. We identify diverse senescent types (senotypes) and link them to two arrest pathways - a gradual path arising after a standard mitosis-to-G0 transition, and an alternative direct path driven by a mitotic slip. Using pseudotime trajectory analysis, we find that senescent phenotypes begin to manifest early and gradually along the first trajectory, even in shallow quiescent cells. These data support a model wherein, following chemotherapy, quiescence and senescence exist on a continuum of cell-cycle withdrawal at a transcriptome-wide level.

Indexed as

Cell Cycle CheckpointsCellular SenescenceNeoplasmsSingle-Cell AnalysisCell CycleCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationEtoposideGene Expression ProfilingGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansSequence Analysis, RNATime-Lapse ImagingTranscriptomeEtoposide

Identifiers

PMID41436452
PMCPMC12780064

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.