Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41436002›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of dentistry2026

Nanoparticle Saltwater Fish Powder and Cell Protein Pathways in Enamel Density Enhancement.

Sandy Christiono, Islamy Rahma Hutami, Fourier Dzar Eljabbar Latief, Yayun Siti Rochmah, Grahita Aditya, Suparmi Suparmi, Shaista Afroz, Savira Nurazky Yuniar

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Article in European journal of dentistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sandy ChristionoDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Semarang, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0002-2494-2970
Islamy Rahma HutamiDepartment of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Semarang, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0003-3245-953X
Fourier Dzar Eljabbar LatiefPhysics of Earth and Complex Systems, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0002-5448-929X
Yayun Siti RochmahDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Semarang, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0002-7576-7682
Grahita AdityaDepartment of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Semarang, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0002-5027-6713
Suparmi SuparmiDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Semarang, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0001-7914-870X
Shaista AfrozDepartment of Prosthodontic/Dental Material, ZA Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.ORCID 0000-0003-1941-8725
Savira Nurazky YuniarFaculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Semarang, Indonesia.ORCID 0009-0001-9153-0511

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of nanoparticle saltwater fish powder on amelogenin expression and FABP-3 levels in fetal mice, with the goal of enhancing enamel density and supporting tooth mineralization. To date, this relationship has not been clearly explained in previous studies. Materials and Methods: This randomized experimental study involved 16 pregnant mice, divided into two groups: control and treatment. The treatment group received nanoparticle saltwater fish powder (2.14 mg/mL) orally three times daily, while the control group received distilled water. On gestational day 18, placental and fetal jaw tissues were collected. Amelogenin and FABP-3 expressions were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), while enamel density was assessed using micro-computed tomography (µCT). Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed using SPSS 26 and presented as mean ± SD. Group differences were tested using an independent Results: IHC analysis revealed significantly increased amelogenin expression in the treatment group receiving nanoparticle saltwater fish powder (4.34 ± 3.26) compared to the control group (0.49 ± 0.40), with a Conclusion: Nanoparticle saltwater fish powder modulates amelogenin expression during enamel secretion and enhances FABP-3 expression, suggesting potential benefits for promoting enamel development through nutritional interventions. Moreover, µCT analysis revealed an increase in the mean enamel density.

Identifiers

PMID41436002
PMCPMC13623468

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