Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41435615›Full record

ArticleClinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology2026

Auditory-evoked changes in slow oscillations and spindles correlate with memory consolidation in children with epilepsy and controls.

Hunki Kwon, Dhinakaran M Chinappen, Anirudh Wodeyar, Elizabeth A Kinard, Skyler K Goodman, Wen Shi, Bryan S Baxter, Dara S Manoach, Mark A Kramer, Catherine J Chu

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Article in Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Hunki KwonDepartment of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: kwonbrain@gmail.com.
Dhinakaran M ChinappenDepartment of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Anirudh WodeyarDepartment of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Advanced Computing Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Elizabeth A KinardDepartment of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Skyler K GoodmanDepartment of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Wen ShiDepartment of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Bryan S BaxterHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Dara S ManoachHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, USA.
Mark A KramerDepartment of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Catherine J ChuDepartment of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Funding

Focal Thalamocortical Circuit Dysfunction Mediates Motor and Cognitive Deficits in Developmental EpilepsyR01NS115868 · NINDS · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI CHU, CATHERINE J · 2020 to 2024
$3.4M
NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS115868
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveWe investigated the effects of auditory stimulation during sleep on slow oscillations (SOs), SO-spindle complexes, and sleep-dependent memory consolidation in children with Rolandic Epilepsy (RE) and controls.

methodsParticipants completed two nap visits with auditory or sham stimulation. SOs and SO-spindle complexes rates were measured offline using validated detectors. Sleep-dependent memory consolidation was assessed using the motor sequence typing task.

resultsAuditory stimulation evoked SOs and SO-spindle complexes with maximal effect over frontal electrodes. Compared to sham, stimulation of background activity increased SOs (29.8 %, p < 0.001) and SO-spindle complexes (16.8 %, p < 0.001); stimulation of an ongoing SO upstate maximally evoked SOs (51.3 % increase, p < 0.001) and SO-spindle complexes (32.3 % increase, p < 0.001). Changes in frontal SO (1.9 % improvement per increase in SO/min; p < 0.001) and SO-spindle complexes (9.5 % improvement per increase in SO-spindle/min; p = 0.007) event rates due to auditory stimulation positively predicted changes in sleep-dependent memory consolidation.

conclusionAuditory stimulation reliably modulates sleep oscillations when delivered on background activity and during the upstate of SOs. As increased event rates improve memory consolidation, stimulation paradigms to increase SO and SO-spindle complex rates are required to enhance memory. SIGNIFICANCE: Auditory stimulation paradigms that increase SO and SO-spindle complex rates may enhance sleep-dependent memory consolidation.

Indexed as

EpilepsyEpilepsy, RolandicEvoked Potentials, AuditoryMemory ConsolidationAcoustic StimulationAdolescentChildElectroencephalographyFemaleHumansMaleSleepCognitive functionOpen-loopPediatricRolandic epilepsy

Identifiers

PMID41435615
PMCPMC12820947

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.