Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41433040›Full record

ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences2026

Harmonizing measures of cross-country policies for aging research: applications to education, pension, and long-term care systems.

Mauricio Avendano, David Knapp, Mario Padula, Giacomo Pasini

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Introduction: Harmonization Recommendations from the Gateway to Global Aging Data.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Mauricio AvendanoDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
David KnappCenter for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-9469-0692
Mario PadulaDepartment of Economics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy.
Giacomo PasiniDepartment of Economics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2052-3453

Funding

HRS Yrs29-34: Y33 SSA CoFundingU01AG009740 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Jessica Faul, KENNETH M LANGA · 1990 to 2026
$555.8M
Understanding and Improving Healthcare Decision-Making and Outcomes for People Living with Alzheimer's Disease and Related DementiasP01AG005842 · NIA · NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH · PI KOSALI ILAYPERUMA SIMON · 1986 to 2026
$56.5M
Project-001R01AG017644 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF LONDON INST OF NEUROLOGY · PI Andrew Steptoe · 2000 to 2026
$56.2M
Integrting Information About Aging SurveysR01AG030153 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI Sara Adar, Alden L. Gross · 2007 to 2026
$41.7M
WEALTH DISPARITIES AMONG MATURE AND OLDER ADULTSP01AG008291 · NIA · RAND CORPORATION · PI HURD, MICHAEL D · 1989 to 2018
$19.4M
RAND CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF AGINGP30AG012815 · NIA · RAND CORPORATION · PI HURD, MICHAEL D · 1999 to 2020
$13.7M
Bio-medical and socio-economic precursors of cognitive decline in SHARER01AG056329 · NIA · MAX PLANCK INST/SOCIAL LAW/SOCIAL POLICY · PI BOERSCH-SUPAN, AXEL H · 2017 to 2021
$4.1M
Understanding Cross-National Health Differences at Older Ages and Their CausesR01AG063944 · NIA · NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH · PI BOERSCH-SUPAN, AXEL H, CRIMMINS, EILEEN M · 2019 to 2024
$3.2M
Enhancing the Comparability of SHARE with HRS and ELSAR01AG052527 · NIA · MAX PLANCK INST/SOCIAL LAW/SOCIAL POLICY · PI BOERSCH-SUPAN, AXEL H · 2016 to 2020
$2.1M
DEVELOPING AN ISRAELI VERSION OF THE HRS/SHARE PROJECTR21AG025169 · NIA · HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM · PI LITWIN, HOWARD · 2004 to 2006
$297k
NIA NIH HHS BSR12-04, R01 AG052527-02NIA NIH HHS HHSN271201300071CNIA NIH HHS IAG BSR06-11NIA NIH HHS OGHA 04-064NIA NIH HHS P01 AG005842NIA NIH HHS P01 AG008291NIA NIH HHS P01 AG08291NIA NIH HHS P30 AG012815NIA NIH HHS P30 AG12815NIA NIH HHS R01 AG017644NIA NIH HHS R01 AG030153NIA NIH HHS R01 AG052527NIA NIH HHS R01 AG056329NIA NIH HHS R01 AG056329-02NIA NIH HHS R01 AG063944NIA NIH HHS R21 AG025169NIA NIH HHS RAG052527ANIA NIH HHS U01 AG009740NIA NIH HHS U01 AG09740-13S2NIA NIH HHS Y1-AG-4553-01NIH HHS R01 AG017644NIHR 198 1074 03
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesDecisions over the life course, such as stopping school, retiring, or receiving care, are shaped by public policies and have profound implications for health and aging. Yet, studying the impact of these policies is hampered by a lack of standardized and harmonized policy data, making peer review and validation difficult. The Gateway to Global Aging Data addresses these barriers by collecting, harmonizing, and documenting policies over time on education, retirement, and long-term care (LTC) systems, enabling linkages to longitudinal data from international aging cohorts, thus accelerating research on health and aging.

methodsPolicies are collected using a strict protocol, documented using a common terminology, reviewed by country experts, and made publicly available. Subsequently, policy measures are linked based on individual characteristics in the international network of health and retirement studies and used to highlight cross-country differences in behavioral responses.

resultsApplication of the harmonized measures demonstrates that policies influence behavior. This is evidenced by changes in years of schooling through compulsory schooling and educational tracking laws, the timing of retirement through legislation on state pension age, and the use of formal care through legislation on eligibility rules for publicly funded LTC benefits. DISCUSSION: Harmonized data on public policies enable research on how changes caused by policymakers shape human behavior and, ultimately, health outcomes. These data can be linked to surveys across the world. The Gateway Policy Explorer's tools enable accountable and robust policy research on the causal impacts of health and aging policies.

Indexed as

AgingLong-Term CarePensionsPublic PolicyRetirementAgedEducational StatusFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleCross-national comparisonEducationLong-term carepolicyRetirement

Identifiers

PMID41433040
PMCPMC13376945

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.