ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2025
From sunlight to MS fight: impact of vitamin D levels on multiple sclerosis activity.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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9 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system with a multifactorial aetiology, including vitamin D levels, that have been linked to disease activity. Given the inconsistent findings on the vitamin D supplementation in MS, we aimed to analyse the connection between 25(OH)D levels and disease activity and to identify an optimal level of 25(OH)D in MS utilizing our real-world database.
methodsThis study utilized a 10-year dataset from the Czech national multiple sclerosis registry (ReMuS), encompassing 1,861 adult MS patients. Patients had a minimum of one year of follow-up, with subgroup analysis for those with at least five years. A mixed-effects model tested the impact of 25(OH)D and cholesterol levels on relapse incidence. Subgroup analysis categorised patients by average 25(OH)D levels and analysed relapse incidence using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.
resultsHigher serum 25(OH)D levels and age correlated with reduced relapse risk (p < 0.001 for both). Each 10 nmol/L increase in 25(OH)D levels associated with a 6.7% decrease in relapse risk (p < 0.001). Cholesterol levels and sex did not significantly affect relapse rate. Subgroup analysis revealed that patients with 25(OH)D levels above 100 nmol/L had significantly fewer relapses compared to those with levels below 75 nmol/L.
conclusionOur findings suggest that optimising 25(OH)D levels may reduce the risk of relapse in pwMS. Causation cannot be confirmed. Results highlight the importance of personalized vitamin D supplementation strategies and support the potential benefit of maintaining optimal serum 25(OH)D levels in MS management.
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