ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2025
Modeling anti-tumor immune responses using patient-derived melanoma organoids.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Rapid 3D Melanoma-Skin Organoid for High-Throughput Assessment of Tumor Dynamics and Drug Response.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Unraveling the Enigma of Melanoma Brain Metastasis: New Molecular Insights and Therapeutic Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy can restore T cell function in tumors, but not all patients benefit, and the mechanisms behind this remain unclear. In this study, we used patient-derived organotypic (PDO) cultures from metastatic melanoma to examine transcriptomic and cellular changes following ex vivo T cell stimulation. Genomic and transcriptomic features were preserved during PDO formation, capturing melanoma heterogeneity. PDOs from ICB-responsive patients showed rapid T cell expansion upon T cell stimulation, unlike those from ICB-resistant tissue. Resistant tissue harbored T cells lacking activation and checkpoint markers, suggesting non-tumor-reactive T cells. A T cell-specific transcriptomic score, activated in responsive PDOs, correlated with improved overall and relapse-free survival in metastatic melanoma patients treated with ICB. These findings demonstrate that ex vivo analysis is a viable tool to investigate mechanisms of ICB response and may help identify predictive biomarkers for patient outcome.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.