Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41432190›Full record

ArticleClinical cardiology2025

China Elite Athletes Cardiovascular hEath (China-ACE) Study: A Protocol for a Multicenter Prospective Cohort.

Sheng Xu, Yaodong Guo, Hao Xin, Shanshan Zhuo, Yang Zhao, Yanna Jiang, Yuanqi Huang, Chunyan Huang, Tao Chen, Qi Chen and 4 more

Abstract readClinical Trial Protocol
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical cardiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Sheng XuDepartment of Ultrasound Medicine, Jinqiu Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Yaodong GuoSchool of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Hao XinDepartment of Ultrasound Medicine, Jinqiu Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Shanshan ZhuoDepartment of Ultrasound Medicine, Jinqiu Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Yang ZhaoDepartment of Ultrasound Medicine, Jinqiu Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Yanna JiangDepartment of Ultrasound Medicine, Jinqiu Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Yuanqi HuangSchool of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Chunyan HuangDepartment of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Tao ChenLiaoning Provincial Sports Development Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Qi ChenLiaoning Provincial Sports Development Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Qianru ZhaoShenyang Sports Research and Medical Center, Shenyang Sports Development Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Dan WangSchool of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Xiao LiuDepartment of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Zhiwei YanSchool of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1754-9126

Funding

Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation Project 2023J05121Liaoning Province Higher Educational Fundamental Research Program of the Department of Education JYTMS20231335
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectiveExercise mediates cardiac adaptation in a dose-dependent manner, and each sport has unique demands on the cardiovascular system. Given the long-term effects of key confounding variables such as age, sex, and exercise dose, knowledge gained from one sport cannot be generalized to all sports. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the potential dose-response relationships between different sports and cardiovascular adaptations on a broader time scale, and to explore the regulatory role of key factors such as age and sex.

methodsThe China-ACE study will be a prospective longitudinal cohort study involving approximately 500 elite athletes of different sexes, ages, and sports (rowing, canoeing, cycling, triathlon, weightlifting, wrestling, judo, swimming, basketball, badminton, boxing, and beach volleyball) from three provincial sports centers. All athletes will undergo two screenings within 1 year, during which their exercise load and dose will be recorded via quantitative and semi-quantitative methods. The screening will include measuring cardiovascular function, body composition, electrocardiogram, heart rate variability, echocardiography, cardiopulmonary function, circulating biochemical markers, sex hormones, lower limb muscle function, and physical performance.

conclusionThe China-ACE study will elucidate the potential dose-response relationship between exercise load and cardiovascular adaptation, cardiopulmonary function, skeletal muscle function, and physical performance by continuously tracking the exercise load and exercise dose of athletes in different sports and exploring the potential role of age and sex in these adaptations. This may inform individualized training and cardiovascular prevention for athletes and extend the current understanding of sports cardiology.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PhysiologicalAthletesCardiovascular DiseasesExerciseAdultChinaFemaleHeart RateHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMulticenter Studies as TopicProspective StudiesYoung Adultathletescardiovascular functiondose‐response relationshipsexsports

Identifiers

PMID41432190
PMCPMC12723624

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.