Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41432017›Full record

ArticlePest management science2026

Sensitivity to demethylation-inhibiting fungicides and induced expression of CYP51 associated with tebuconazole resistance in Alternaria species on mandarin in Brazil.

Thiago de Aguiar Carraro, Yong Luo, Boris X Camiletti, Themis J Michailides, Victor Gabri, Geraldo José Silva-Junior, Lilian Amorim, Louise Larissa May De Mio

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pest management science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Thiago de Aguiar CarraroDepartamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5276-7129
Yong LuoDepartment of Plant Pathology, Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, University of California Davis, Parlier, USA.
Boris X CamilettiDepartment of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA.
Themis J MichailidesDepartment of Plant Pathology, Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, University of California Davis, Parlier, USA.
Victor GabriDepartment of Plant Pathology, Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, University of California Davis, Parlier, USA.
Geraldo José Silva-JuniorDepartamento de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura - Fundecitrus, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4765-8964
Lilian AmorimDepartamento de Fitopatologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil.
Louise Larissa May De MioDepartamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4202-4428

Funding

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlternaria brown spot (ABS), caused by Alternaria spp., is an important disease affecting mandarin production in several citrus-growing regions worldwide. In Brazil, ABS has become increasingly problematic in Paraná State, where high disease pressure and reports of control failures have raised concerns about the long-term efficacy of fungicides. Demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides are commonly used in ABS spray programs; however, the rising frequency of resistant Alternaria phenotypes may compromise their efficacy and sustainability. This study aimed to (i) assess DMI sensitivity and cross-resistance in Alternaria spp., (ii) investigate CYP51 expression differences between tebuconazole-sensitive and tebuconazole-resistant isolates, and (iii) assess the practical efficacy of tebuconazole in detached-leaf assays.

resultsFifty-four isolates were grouped into three DMI phenotypes for resistance (R) or sensitivity (S): DIF

conclusionCYP51 overexpression contributes to DMI resistance in Alternaria spp., and practical and cross-resistance among fungicides may limit ABS management strategies. Mefentrifluconazole and difenoconazole are effective fungicides for resistance management in Brazilian mandarin orchards. © 2025 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

Indexed as

AlternariaCitrusDrug Resistance, FungalFungal ProteinsFungicides, IndustrialSterol 14-DemethylaseTriazolesBrazilDemethylationPlant DiseasesFungal ProteinsFungicides, IndustrialSterol 14-DemethylasetebuconazoleTriazolescitrus reticulatacross‐resistanceDMI fungicide resistanceoverexpression

Identifiers

PMID41432017
PMCPMC12976176

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.