Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41431163›Full record

ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026

Endometrial Assembloid Model Reveals Endometrial Gland Development Regulation by Estradiol-Driven WNT7B Suppression.

Xintong Li, Yanjie Guo, Jianlin Li, Yimeng Li, Leqian Lin, Hoi Kit Matthew Leung, Qingqing Zhang, Kai-Fai Lee, Ka-Wang Cheung, Ernest H Y Ng and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Xintong LiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Yanjie GuoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Jianlin LiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Yimeng LiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Leqian LinShenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
Hoi Kit Matthew LeungDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Qingqing ZhangShenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
Kai-Fai LeeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Ka-Wang CheungDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Ernest H Y NgDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
William S B YeungDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Philip C N ChiuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Cheuk-Lun LeeDepartment of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1553-3478

Funding

Hong Kong Research Grant Council General Research Fund 17110423/17114424PolyU (UGC) Start-up Fund for New Recruits P0050668
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Adult endometrial glands undergo cyclic regeneration and development during the menstrual cycle. Their secretions are vital for endometrial functions and early pregnancy, yet the mechanisms controlling gland development are not well understood. Although various 3D endometrial models exist, none fully replicate human gland development in vitro. This study establishes a robust 3D endometrial assembloid model by integrating human endometrial organoids (EOs) and human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs), successfully replicating tubular gland formation and illustrating essential stromal-epithelial interactions. Transcriptomic analyses identify Wnt Family Member 7B (WNT7B) as an intrinsic inhibitor of gland formation and development, regulated extrinsically by transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFβ1) signaling through vitamin D receptor (VDR) interactions between EOs and HESCs. Endometrium-specific WNT7B knockout mice exhibit enhanced gland development further supports WNT7B's inhibitory role in endometrial gland development. Estradiol facilitates tubular gland formation by suppressing WNT7B expression in vitro, which is confirmed in estradiol-stimulated mouse models and clinical samples from women undergoing ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization. These findings elucidate the central roles of estradiol-WNT7B signaling and stromal-derived TGFβ1-VDR crosstalk in endometrial gland development, providing a foundation for improved 3D endometrial models and identifying therapeutic targets for gland-related disorders like endometriosis, infertility, and endometrial hyperplasia.

Indexed as

EndometriumEstradiolOrganoidsWnt ProteinsAnimalsFemaleHumansMiceMice, KnockoutStromal CellsTransforming Growth Factor beta1EstradiolTransforming Growth Factor beta1WNT7B protein, humanWnt Proteins3D culture modelassembloidendometriumglandorganoid

Identifiers

PMID41431163
PMCPMC12955949

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.