ArticleBMC medical education2025
Enhancing gastric ultrasound training with standardized patient-based drinking simulation: a self-controlled study.
Article in BMC medical education, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundGastric cancer remains a major health burden in China, with low early screening rates and limited access to endoscopic services. Gastric ultrasound offers a noninvasive, low-cost alternative but is underutilized due to the lack of effective training models. This study aimed to evaluate a novel standardized patient (SP)-based drinking simulation for teaching gastric ultrasound to residents.
methodsIn a self-controlled design, 32 ultrasound residents underwent a structured training program comprising a 90-minute theoretical lecture and a 2-hour hands-on workshop. Trainees acted as mutual SPs after ingesting warm water to simulate gastric filling. Outcomes included theoretical test scores, Direct Observation of Procedural Skills (DOPS) assessments, and Likert-scale self-assessment questionnaires. DOPS was conducted immediately after training and at one-month follow-up to assess skill retention. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS v30.0.
resultsTheoretical scores significantly improved from 5.09 ± 0.89 to 8.28 ± 0.58 (P < 0.05, Pearson’s r = 0.87). Post-training DOPS scores averaged 41.03 ± 2.72, with 81.25% of residents achieving the passing threshold. However, scores declined at one month (32.78 ± 3.69, P < 0.05), highlighting the need for reinforcement. Self-assessment scores increased from 34.27% to 80.75% (P < 0.05), with marked gains in confidence, procedural readiness, and satisfaction. No correlation was observed between theoretical and procedural scores (R² = 0.001).
conclusionSP-based drinking simulation is a practical, low-cost, and educationally impactful method for teaching gastric ultrasound. It effectively improves residents’ theoretical knowledge, procedural ability, and self-confidence, while addressing the current gap in gastric-specific simulation training and supporting broader implementation in resource-limited settings. However, the observed short-term skill attrition highlights the need for continuous reinforcement and integration of interactive or computer-based theoretical modules. Future multicenter studies should validate its long-term effectiveness and clinical applicability.
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