Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41430044›Full record

ArticleNPJ Parkinson's disease2025

Muscle bursting and corticomotor excitability mark impaired impulse control in Parkinson's disease.

Aliya C M Warden, Craig J McAllister, Damian Cruse, Ben Wright, Hayley J MacDonald

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ Parkinson's disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Aliya C M WardenSchool of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Craig J McAllisterSchool of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Damian CruseCentre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Ben WrightDepartment of Neurology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Hayley J MacDonaldSchool of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. h.j.macdonald@bham.ac.uk.

Funding

Humane Research Trust Les Rhoades Memorial PhD Studentship
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dopamine agonists in Parkinson's disease increase the risk of impulse control disorders, yet the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to identify objective neurophysiological markers of impaired impulse control in Parkinson's linking to impulsivity problems. Nineteen people with Parkinson's (PwPD) on ropinirole and 18 healthy older adults performed an impulse control task requiring response withholding and inhibition. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was delivered, with corticomotor excitability (CME) and muscle bursts measured via electromyography. During response withholding, PwPD showed early relative increases in CME and more frequent dysfunctional muscle bursts, leading to more variable responses. During response inhibition, PwPD exhibited reduced CME suppression and increased muscle bursting, leading to delayed inhibition which was associated with problematic impulsive behaviours. The neurophysiological measures were associated with more advanced disease and may serve as early, objective markers of impulse control dysfunction, with future work required to assess their utility in predicting impulsive disorders.

Identifiers

PMID41430044
PMCPMC12796308

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.