ArticleInternational journal of obesity (2005)2026
Infant social withdrawal and rapid infant weight gain.
Article in International journal of obesity (2005), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRapid infant weight gain (RIWG) and infant social withdrawal are important early markers of risk of subsequent overweight/obesity and mental health problems, respectively. While overweight and mental health problems are linked later in life, it remains unclear if this association is present already in infancy.
objectiveWe examine if infant social withdrawal is associated with subsequent RIWG independently of an array of known risk factors (gestational age, birth weight, sex, parity, breastfeeding, maternal postpartum depressive symptoms, maternal smoking during pregnancy, maternal age at birth and pre-pregnancy BMI, family educational level, and employment status).
methodsIn a cohort of 12,468 children born 2015-19 in Copenhagen, we analyzed the association between infant social withdrawal around age 3 months, measured with the Alarm Distress Baby Scale (ADBB)-a validated screening tool, and subsequent RIWG. We retrieved information on social withdrawal and weight during infancy from health visitors' records and linked these to register data. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for RIWG, adjusting for the known risk factors outlined above.
resultsChildren showing signs of social withdrawal had 1.19 higher odds of RIWG compared to children showing no signs of social withdrawal (aOR 1.19; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.37, p = 0.017). RIWG was also more likely among boys, firstborns, children born small-for-gestational age, and those with mothers who smoked during pregnancy or had higher pre-pregnancy BMI. In contrast, higher birth weight and breastfeeding >4 months were protective factors. No associations were found with maternal postpartum depression, low education, parental labor market status, or maternal age.
conclusionsWe found an association between infant social withdrawal and subsequent rapid infant weight gain independently of an array of known risk factors, which may expand our understanding of the developmental origins of excess weight gain and its association with early childhood mental health.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.