Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41429858›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Biomimetic green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Cheilocostus speciosus and Gardenia gummifera with comprehensive characterization and bioactivity assessment.

Rohit Maind, Shubhajit Halder, Ajmal R Bhat, Doyel Bhattacharya, Mohd Hasan Mujahid, Ahmed Abu-Rayyan, Muzahir Iqbal, Vijay Jagdish Upadhye, Sumeer Ahmed, Manawwer Alam and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Heterologous expression and characterization of a thermostable MprT metalloprotease from thermophilic Bacillus subtilis BSP in dual host systems.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Rohit MaindPG & Research Department of Chemistry, Hislop College, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440 001, India.
Shubhajit HalderPG & Research Department of Chemistry, Hislop College, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440 001, India.
Ajmal R BhatDepartment of Chemistry, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440 033, India.
Doyel BhattacharyaDepartment of Chemistry, Dada Ramchand Bakhru Sindhu Mahavidyalaya, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440 017, India.
Mohd Hasan MujahidDepartmentss of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247 667, India.
Ahmed Abu-RayyanChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Applied Science Private University, P.O. Box 541350, Al Arab st. 21, Amman, Jordan.
Muzahir IqbalDepartment of Physics, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151 401, India.
Vijay Jagdish UpadhyeDepartment of Microbiology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences (PIAS), Parul University, PO Limda, Tal Waghodia, 391 760, India. dr.vijaysemilo@gmail.com.
Sumeer AhmedNatural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180 001, India. sumeerchoudhary15@gmail.com.
Manawwer AlamDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Gabriela TataringaGrigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Iasi, Romania.

Funding

King Saud University ORF-2025-113
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study presents a green, cost-effective, and eco-friendly approach for synthesizing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using leaf extracts of Cheilocostus speciosus (CS) and Gardenia gummifera (GG) as bio-reducing, capping, and stabilizing agents. Zinc nitrate hexahydrate served as the precursor. The synthesized ZnO NPs were thoroughly characterized using XRD, FT-IR, UV-Vis-IR, XPS, SEM-EDS, and TEM-SAED techniques. XRD analysis confirmed a hexagonal zincite phase, with average crystallite sizes of 22 nm (CS-ZnO) and 25 nm (GG-ZnO). FT-IR spectra confirmed the presence of Zn-O bonds along with phytochemical-derived functional groups. UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy revealed strong absorption around 320-348 nm, with band gap energies of 3.07 eV (CS-ZnO) and 2.74 eV (GG-ZnO), indicating size-dependent quantum confinement. SEM and TEM analyses showed spherical to conical morphology, with particle sizes ranging from 8-50 nm (CS-ZnO) and 18-90 nm (GG-ZnO). XPS confirmed Zn

Indexed as

BiomimeticsGardeniaGreen Chemistry TechnologyMetal NanoparticlesZinc OxideAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntioxidantsHumansMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPlant ExtractsPlant LeavesSpectroscopy, Fourier Transform InfraredX-Ray DiffractionAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntioxidantsPlant ExtractsZinc OxideAntimicrobial activityAntioxidant activityCytotoxicityGreen synthesisNanoparticles

Identifiers

PMID41429858
PMCPMC12722286

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.