SynthesisScientific reports2025
Systematic review and meta-analysis of electrical stimulation for quality of life in women with urinary incontinence.
Synthesis in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Electrical stimulation is increasingly applied as a non-invasive intervention for managing urinary incontinence in women, aiming to improve both urinary symptoms and quality of life. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of electrical stimulation on quality of life and relevant clinical outcomes in women with urinary incontinence, and to explore sources of heterogeneity through subgroup and meta-regression analyses. This review was conducted according to PRISMA 2020. Six electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials evaluating electrical stimulation interventions for women with urinary incontinence published between 1995 and 2025. Fourteen randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. A random-effects model was used to synthesize effect sizes (Hedges' g). Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q and I
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