Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41428733›Full record

ArticleNucleic acids research2025

Casδ, an evolutionary transitional CRISPR system enables efficient genome editing across animals and plants.

Zhijia Yang, Meixia Yu, Peiyang Li, Zhuoyang Li, Yunpeng Teng, Yueheng Zhou, Meiqi Zhao, Chang Liu, Zilong Zhao, Zijian Wang and 10 more

Erratum issuedAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nucleic acids research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Genome Editing Approaches in Flax (International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  3. The Auxin Response FactorPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Zhijia YangState Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.ORCID 0009-0007-2324-5763
Meixia YuState Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Peiyang LiState Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Zhuoyang LiState Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.ORCID 0000-0003-3248-5754
Yunpeng TengState Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Yueheng ZhouState Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Meiqi ZhaoState Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Chang LiuState Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Zilong ZhaoState Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.ORCID 0009-0004-2526-195X
Zijian WangState Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Jianrui LiState Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Yilin JingState Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Yingnan LiState Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Haiming ZhaoState Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.ORCID 0000-0003-1600-9619
Weibin SongState Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.ORCID 0000-0003-3496-2585
Chao BianState Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Hainan ZhaoState Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Jian ChenState Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Beibei XinState Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0448-2417
Jinsheng LaiState Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9202-9641

Funding

Agriculture Science and TechnologyNational Key Research and Development Program of China 2023YFD1202900Pinduoduo-China Agricultural University PC2023A01004
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas (CRISPR-associated) adaptive immune systems provide sequence-specific mechanisms for targeting foreign DNA or RNA and have been widely used in genome editing and DNA detection. Type V CRISPR-Cas systems are characterized by a single RNA-guided RuvC domain-containing effector, Cas12. Here, through comprehensive mining of large-scale genomic and metagenomic data from microbial sources, we identified a new Class 2 CRISPR-Cas effector superfamily, designated Casδ, comprising three members with protein sizes ranging from 867 to 936 amino acids. Biochemical analyses revealed that Casδ-1 functions as a single RNA-guided endonuclease with specific recognition of 5'-RYR-3' protospacer-adjacent motifs, where R represents A or G, and Y represents T or C. Casδ-1 exhibits robust double-stranded DNA cleavage activity and target-dependent trans-cleavage activity. Casδ-1 mediates efficient genome editing across species, achieving up to 60% indel rates in human cells while generating homozygous knockout lines in two agriculturally important monocot species (Oryza sativa and Zea mays) through stable transformation. Structural and evolutionary analyses reveal Casδ as an evolutionary transitional nuclease bridging Cas12n and canonical type V systems, featuring a C-terminal loop that is essential for activity. Collectively, Casδ is an evolutionarily distinct, compact (<1000 aa), tracrRNA-free CRISPR system enabling versatile cross-kingdom genome editing.

Indexed as

CRISPR-Associated ProteinsCRISPR-Cas SystemsGene EditingAnimalsEvolution, MolecularGenome, PlantHumansOryzaRNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas SystemsZea maysCRISPR-Associated ProteinsRNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems

Identifiers

PMID41428733
PMCPMC12721324

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.