ArticleFrontiers in medicine2025
Blockchain-enabled quality by design system for clinical trials.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Tracking Animal Health in Zoos Using Blockchain Technology.Blockchain in healthcare today · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Blockchain technology offers a secure and distributed approach to data management that can strengthen the Quality by Design (QbD) framework in clinical trials. Integrating blockchain with QbD can enhance data integrity and promote participant safety. Methods: A blockchain-enabled QbD architecture was developed to support systematic quality improvement in clinical trials. The interactions among its components and peers were described, and a prototype was implemented using Hyperledger Fabric. Data from a pilot clinical trial were used to evaluate its applicability. Results: The prototype demonstrated that the proposed architecture efficiently facilitates immutable data exchange, enhances traceability among QbD activities, and supports secure collaboration between stakeholders. The system improved data consistency and enabled automated verification of trial processes. Discussion: This study shows that blockchain technology can effectively enhance QbD implementation in clinical trials by improving data integration, transparency, and safety monitoring. The proposed architecture provides a feasible and scalable model for future clinical data management systems.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.