Mindfulness-based therapy for insomnia alleviates insomnia, depression, and cognitive arousal in treatment-resistant insomnia: A single-arm telemedicine trial.

Objectives: Cognitive-behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy are effective insomnia treatments, yet half of patients do not remit. Emerging evidence indicates refractory cognitive arousal is associated with poor insomnia treatment outcomes, giving rise to the concept that therapeutic approaches directly aimed at reducing cognitive arousal may benefit patients with a history of inadequate response to intervention. This proof-of-concept study examined the effects of mindfulness-based therapy for insomnia (MBTI) delivered individually Methods: A single-arm trial wherein 19 patients whose insomnia did not remit with prior psychotherapy and/or pharmacotherapy received a course of MBTI as second-stage therapy, which included eight weekly 1-h sessions in an individual format Results: Patients reported increased mindfulness from pretreatment to posttreatment (FFMQ-15: 52.95 ± 8.30 to 57.47 ± 9.82, Conclusion: Treatment-resistant insomnia patients are engaged in MBTI, which produces large acute reductions in insomnia, depression, and cognitive arousal. MBTI effects on insomnia and cognitive arousal were moderate to large 6 months after treatment. These findings support the concept and feasibility of MBTI for treatment-resistant patients along with indication that longer-term strategies are needed to help maintain acute treatment gains. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03724305.