Metastructure-enabled scalable multiple mode-order converters: conceptual design and demonstration in direct-access add/drop multiplexing systems.

Zhenzhao Guo, Weike Zhao, Shengbao Wu, Yunfeng Lai, Shuying Cheng, Daoxin Dai

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Article in Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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6 authors.

Zhenzhao GuoInstitute of Micro/Nano Devices and Solar Cells, School of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6456-5559

Weike ZhaoState Key Laboratory for Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.

Shengbao WuPhotonics Information Innovation Center, Hebei Provincial Center for Optical Sensing Innovations, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.

Yunfeng LaiInstitute of Micro/Nano Devices and Solar Cells, School of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.

Shuying ChengInstitute of Micro/Nano Devices and Solar Cells, School of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.

Daoxin DaiState Key Laboratory for Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2769-3009

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The rapid advancement of multimode photonic technologies, optical computing, and quantum circuits, leveraging higher-order modes, necessitates the development of on-chip multiple mode-order converters (MMOCs). However, existing schemes face limitations in traffic capacity, polarization-dependence, and scalability. Herein, we propose a novel highly scalable MMOC design framework enabled by subwavelength grating (SWG) metastructures. By integrating SWG arrays into a taper-tailored multimode waveguide, the design synergizes coherent scattering and beam shaping to achieve efficient target-supermode excitations and precise phase controls, simultaneously. In this way, the target MMOC can be realized according to the functional requirements of mode manipulations by optimizing the metastructures. Experimentally fabricated devices exhibit ILs < 1.85 dB and CTs < -12.5 dB across (22 or 50) nm bandwidths, with a polarization-independent quad-mode operation. Notably, the dual-pair mode exchanging MMOC pioneers simultaneous TE

Indexed as

metastructuresmode conversionmode division multiplexingmultimode silicon photonicssubwavelength metamaterial

Identifiers

PMID41426097

DOI10.1515/nanoph-2025-0364

PMCPMC12717911

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.