Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41425892›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in pediatrics2025

Global, regional, and national trends for childhood myocarditis from 1990 to 2021: health inequality and age-period-cohort analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Hui-Juan Fang, Bao-Peng Liu, Bo Han, Jie Tian

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Article in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Hui-Juan FangDepartment of Cardiology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Children's Important Organ Development and Diseases of Chongqing Municipal Health Commission, National Clinical Key Cardiovascular Specialty, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Bao-Peng LiuDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Bo HanDepartment of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Children's Health and Disease Office, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Jie TianDepartment of Cardiology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Children's Important Organ Development and Diseases of Chongqing Municipal Health Commission, National Clinical Key Cardiovascular Specialty, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Childhood myocarditis (CM) may have a profound impact on lifelong health worldwide. This study aimed to assess the trends and explore the health inequality along with age-period-cohort (APC) analysis for CM from 1990 to 2021. Methods: This study is based on the database for Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021. The age-standardized rate (ASR) of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) was used to assess CM burden. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) in ASR from 1990 to 2021 were used to calculate the time trends. Health inequalities related to the sociodemographic index (SDI) and APC effect for CM burden were studied in this study. Findings: A significant decreasing trend for ASR of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs from 1990 to 2021 was found for CM globally. The increased EAPC of prevalence for CM was still high in high SDI regions. Higher ASR of prevalence and incidence and lower ASR of mortality and DALYs were significantly associated with higher SDI levels. A significant increase in SDI-related health inequalities was found from 1990 to 2021 for ASR prevalence. Higher risk for CM prevalence was found in the younger ages, recent periods, and birth cohort among high SDI regions. Non-optimal temperature was also significantly associated with elevated risk of mortality and DALYs for CM. Interpretation: Although CM burden has been decreasing in recent years, the disproportionate CM burden globally warrants caution. Effective methods should be used to decrease CM burden in the future.

Indexed as

age–period–cohort analysischildhood myocarditisglobal burdenhealth inequalityprevalence

Identifiers

PMID41425892
PMCPMC12714953

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