Prednisone and Vincristine for the Treatment of Pediatric Rosai-Dorfman Disease: A Case Report.

Purpose: Pediatric Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is extremely rare, and the current treatment plan is not unified. We hope that our study provides new ideas for the clinical treatment of RDD. Methods: We report a case in which RDD was successfully treated with prednisone and vincristine, resulting in regression of enlarged lymph nodes. In this study, informed consent forms were obtained from participants for their involvement in the research and publication of relevant case details. Moreover, this study aimed to conceal personal patient information. Results: The child underwent two pathological examinations before a definitive diagnosis was made. Percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy was performed on his first admission, and pathological examination showed a purulent granulomatous reaction under a microscope; however, antibiotic treatment was ineffective. The second pathological biopsy performed at the time of surgery showed RDD. After treatment with vincristine and prednisone, the neck mass significantly shrank and did not increase in size after the treatment was stopped. The patient remains under follow-up. Conclusions: Sufficient pathological tissue samples were obtained via surgical biopsy to diagnose RDD. Treatment with chemotherapy, including prednisone and vincristine, can induce remission of RDD.