Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41425466›Full record

ArticleNanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)2025

Ultra-wideband TFLN modulator with selectively removed slab based on multifunctional BCB platform for high coupling efficiency and suppressed EO relaxation.

Yutong He, Hao Liu, Changzheng Sun, Bing Xiong, Zhibiao Hao, Jian Wang, Lai Wang, Yanjun Han, Hongtao Li, Lin Gan and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Yutong HeBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), State Key Laboratory of Space Network and Communications, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5979-4529
Hao LiuBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), State Key Laboratory of Space Network and Communications, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Changzheng SunBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), State Key Laboratory of Space Network and Communications, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Bing XiongBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), State Key Laboratory of Space Network and Communications, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Zhibiao HaoBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), State Key Laboratory of Space Network and Communications, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Jian WangBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), State Key Laboratory of Space Network and Communications, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Lai WangBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), State Key Laboratory of Space Network and Communications, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Yanjun HanBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), State Key Laboratory of Space Network and Communications, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Hongtao LiBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), State Key Laboratory of Space Network and Communications, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Lin GanBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), State Key Laboratory of Space Network and Communications, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Jiyuan ZhengBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), State Key Laboratory of Space Network and Communications, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Yi LuoBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), State Key Laboratory of Space Network and Communications, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) has a proven record of building high-performance electro-optic (EO) modulators. However, it has consistently posed challenges in securing low driving voltage, wide electro-optic bandwidth, low insertion loss, and high modulation efficiency simultaneously. Here, we demonstrate a telecom-wavelength EO modulator on the TFLN platform incorporating multifunctional benzocyclobutene (BCB) material. The low dielectric constant (low-k) BCB effectively reduces RF loss of the modulator and enables perfect velocity matching with a narrow electrode gap, thereby overcoming the conventional voltage-bandwidth trade-off. Meanwhile, in combination with a bilayer inversely tapered waveguide, it also facilitates the realization of high-efficiency edge couplers, significantly reducing the coupling loss of the modulator. In addition, the underlying TFLN slab is selectively removed to eliminate dielectric relaxation, ensuring a stable low-frequency EO response and bias-drift-free operation. The fabricated 13-mm-long modulator exhibits low half-wave voltages V

Indexed as

BCB-clad edge couplersDC bias driftEO relaxation-freeIM/DDlow-k underfillthin-film lithium niobate modulator

Identifiers

PMID41425466
PMCPMC12714034

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.